PHP is a type of open-source general-purpose scripting language fit for server-side programming. It is a popular choice in web development in creating dynamic pages and applications. The acronym used to stand for ‘Personal Home Page’. But, now, PHP is known as Hypertext Preprocessor.Apr 28, 2006 · Programming PHP, 2nd Edition, is the authoritative guide to PHP 5 and is filled with the unique knowledge of the creator of PHP (Rasmus Lerdorf) and other PHP experts. When it comes to creating websites, the PHP scripting language is truly a red-hot property. In fact, PHP is currently used on more than 19 million websites, surpassing Microsoft ... Dr. Nielsen received his Ph.D. from UC-Berkeley in 1998, did postdoctoral research at Harvard University and worked as an assistant professor at Cornell University from 2000-2004. From 2004 he has been a Professor of Biology at the University of Copenhagen and he joined the faculty at the departments of Integrative Biology and Statistics at ...PHP is a server-side scripting language created in 1995 and designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. As of January 2013, PHP was installed on more than 240 million websites (39% of those sampled) and 2.1 million web servers.Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994,the reference implementation of ... Here we would like to show the very basics of PHP in a short, simple tutorial. This text only deals with dynamic web page creation with PHP, though PHP is not only capable of creating web pages. See the section titled What can PHP do for more information. PHP-enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and you can create and edit ...Introduction to PHP. PHP is a server-side and general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page. However, now, it stands for Hypertext Preprocessor. It’s a recursive acronym because the first word itself is also an acronym. PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. Pengertian PHP, Fungsi, Syntax & Kelebihannya. by Jagoan Hosting Team. Mei 14, 2022. Pengertian PHP. Bahasa pemrograman memiliki semua fitur yang diperlukan untuk membangun dan mengembangkan aplikasi yang lengkap. Kode harus dikompilasi terlebih dahulu sebelum dapat dieksekusi. Tidak perlu disematkan ke bahasa lain.PHP is a server-side scripting language created in 1995 by Rasmus Lerdorf. PHP is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. What is PHP used for? As of October 2018, PHP is used on 80% of websitesRasmus Lerdorf's work created the web as we know it, but he doesn't care for coding. "I really don't like programming. I built this tool to program less so that I could just reuse code," he said ...Programming PHP is an authoritative guide to PHP 4 and is filled with the unique knowledge of the creator of PHP, Rasmus Lerdorf. This book explains PHP language syntax and programming techniques in a clear and concise manner, with numerous examples that illustrate both correct usage and common idioms. The book also includes style tips and ...Criado por Rasmus Lerdorf em 1995, o PHP tem a produção de sua implementação principal, referência formal da linguagem, mantida por uma organização chamada The PHP Group. O PHP é software livre, licenciado sob a PHP License, uma licença incompatível com a GNU General Public License (GPL) devido a restrições no uso do termo PHP.Sep 5, 2023 · Ease of use. When it comes to programming languages, PHP is one of the easier ones to learn. This is because even though its syntax is rigid, it is also forgiving. Aside from this obvious benefit, you can also access multiple libraries and resources to ensure that your code is optimized for speed and efficiency. PHP 3.0 also supports a wide range of databases, including Oracle, Sybase, Solid, MySQ, mSQL, and PostgreSQL, as well as ODBC data sources. New features include persistent database connections, support for the SNMP and IMAP protocols, and a revamped C API for extending the language with new features.Statistics of Rasmus Andersson, a hockey player from Malmo, Sweden born Oct 27 1996 who was active from 2011 to 2023.PHP is an open-source, interpreted, and object-oriented scripting language that can be executed at the server-side. PHP is well suited for web development. Therefore, it is used to develop web applications (an application that executes on the server and generates the dynamic page.). PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994 but appeared in the ...However by October Rasmus’ complete rewrite of the code made it easy to adopt for developers who already knew C, Perl and similar languages. PHP was on the path to becoming a programming language. Yet, this organic transformation from CGI to its own language wasn’t something Rasmus expected. "I don’t [sic] know how to stop it.PHP provides functions to convert to and from URL encoding, which allows you to build and decode URLs. There are actually two types of URL encoding, which differ in how they treat spaces. The first (specified by RFC 3986) treats a space as just another illegal character in a URL and encodes it as %20. Mar 23, 2022. 1. PHP is an all-around general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development. Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf created it in 1994. The PHP Group now delivers the PHP reference performance. PHP initially stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor ...Kelebihan PHP Dari Bahasa Pemrograman Lain. Beberapa kelebihan PHP untuk bahasa pemrograman web, antara lain: Bahasa pemrograman PHP adalah sebuah bahasa script yang tidak melakukan sebuah kompilasi dalam penggunaannya. メインページ; コミュニティ・ポータル; 最近の出来事; 新しいページ; 最近の更新; おまかせ表示; 練習用ページ; アップロード (ウィキメディア・コモンズ) Pengertian PHP. PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) adalah sebuah bahasa pemrograman server side scripting yang bersifat open source. Sebagai sebuah scripting language, PHP menjalankan instruksi pemrograman saat proses runtime. Hasil dari instruksi tentu akan berbeda tergantung data yang diproses.PHP 3. PHP 3.0 was the first version that closely resembles PHP as it exists today. Finding PHP/FI 2.0 still inefficient and lacking features they needed to power an eCommerce application they were developing for a university project, Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski of Tel Aviv, Israel, began yet another complete rewrite of the underlying parser in 1997.PHP is a server-side scripting language created in 1995 by Rasmus Lerdorf. PHP is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. What is PHP used for? As of October 2018, PHP is used on 80% of websitesMar 11, 2015 · A one-page opcache status page. Contribute to rlerdorf/opcache-status development by creating an account on GitHub. @rasmus. PHP in 2015 with a focus on performance 20 Years of PHP!?? Argh! PHP Announcement June 8, 1995 Posted to comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Subject: Announce: Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) Announcing the Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) version 1.0. These tools are a set of small tight cgi binaries written in C.There is a newer edition of this item: Programming PHP: Creating Dynamic Web Pages. $30.07. (72) In Stock. PHP is a simple yet powerful open-source scripting language for creating dynamic web content. The millions of web sites powered by PHP are testament to its popularity and ease of use.Kelebihan PHP Dari Bahasa Pemrograman Lain. Beberapa kelebihan PHP untuk bahasa pemrograman web, antara lain: Bahasa pemrograman PHP adalah sebuah bahasa script yang tidak melakukan sebuah kompilasi dalam penggunaannya.May 21, 2011 · After nearly 7 years of service I retired my Asus RT-16 router, which wasn't really a router, but a re-purposed wifi access point running AdvancedTomato. In its place I got a Ubiquiti EdgeRouter Lite. It is Debian-based and has a dual-core 500MHz 64-Bit MIPS CPU (Cavium Octeon+), 512M of ram and a 4... Nov 12. 2013. There is a newer edition of this item: Programming PHP: Creating Dynamic Web Pages. $30.07. (72) In Stock. PHP is a simple yet powerful open-source scripting language for creating dynamic web content. The millions of web sites powered by PHP are testament to its popularity and ease of use.Programming PHP is an authoritative guide to PHP 4 and is filled with the unique knowledge of the creator of PHP, Rasmus Lerdorf. This book explains PHP language syntax and programming techniques in a clear and concise manner, with numerous examples that illustrate both correct usage and common idioms. The book also includes style tips and ... May 21, 2011 · After nearly 7 years of service I retired my Asus RT-16 router, which wasn't really a router, but a re-purposed wifi access point running AdvancedTomato. In its place I got a Ubiquiti EdgeRouter Lite. It is Debian-based and has a dual-core 500MHz 64-Bit MIPS CPU (Cavium Octeon+), 512M of ram and a 4... Nov 12. 2013. Feb 27, 2006 · Goals for this approach. Keep the PHP code in the views extremely simple: function calls, simple loops and variable substitutions should be all you need. When possible, avoid layers and other complexities to make code easier to audit. Use APC and apc_store/apc_fetch for caching data that rarely changes. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development. It was created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.PHP has been around for almost as long as the Web. 25 years!Join me for a fun look at the highlights (and lowlights) of this crazy trip. But I will also be t... Dr. Nielsen received his Ph.D. from UC-Berkeley in 1998, did postdoctoral research at Harvard University and worked as an assistant professor at Cornell University from 2000-2004. From 2004 he has been a Professor of Biology at the University of Copenhagen and he joined the faculty at the departments of Integrative Biology and Statistics at ...Sep 5, 2023 · Ease of use. When it comes to programming languages, PHP is one of the easier ones to learn. This is because even though its syntax is rigid, it is also forgiving. Aside from this obvious benefit, you can also access multiple libraries and resources to ensure that your code is optimized for speed and efficiency. PHP is a server-side scripting language, which means that a server executes the instructions in a script. Then, the server provides data on request, channels the requests, and organizes the information in a database. When a web server receives a script, it will process the request and send output to a web browser in an HTML format.メインページ; コミュニティ・ポータル; 最近の出来事; 新しいページ; 最近の更新; おまかせ表示; 練習用ページ; アップロード (ウィキメディア・コモンズ) Aug 1, 2023 · Here we would like to show the very basics of PHP in a short, simple tutorial. This text only deals with dynamic web page creation with PHP, though PHP is not only capable of creating web pages. See the section titled What can PHP do for more information. PHP-enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and you can create and edit ... PHP 3.0. PHP 3.0 was the first version that closely resembles PHP as it exists today. Zeev and Andi rewrote the interpreter and introduced a new extension API which makes it a lot easier for the community to contribute new extensions. With many new developers from around the world on board, PHP 3 was announced by the new PHP Development Team.There are countless reasons to bash on PHP because, frankly, it is a pretty terrible language[1]. However, this is not a valid reason. The bug reporter is being idiotic and needlessly disrespectful, and is making a big deal out of something that can be easily fixed with a simple `sed` command, as Rasmus demonstrated. Apr 28, 2006 · As the industry standard book on PHP, all of the essentials are covered in a clear and concise manner. Language syntax and programming techniques are coupled with numerous examples that illustrate both correct usage and common idioms. With style tips and practical programming advice, this book will help you become not just a PHP programmer, but ... However by October Rasmus’ complete rewrite of the code made it easy to adopt for developers who already knew C, Perl and similar languages. PHP was on the path to becoming a programming language. Yet, this organic transformation from CGI to its own language wasn’t something Rasmus expected. "I don’t [sic] know how to stop it.There are countless reasons to bash on PHP because, frankly, it is a pretty terrible language[1]. However, this is not a valid reason. The bug reporter is being idiotic and needlessly disrespectful, and is making a big deal out of something that can be easily fixed with a simple `sed` command, as Rasmus demonstrated. Oct 11, 2021 · Rasmus Lerdorf's work created the web as we know it, but he doesn't care for coding. "I really don't like programming. I built this tool to program less so that I could just reuse code," he said ... Jun 25, 2019 · Introduction to PHP: PHP was first conceived in the year 1994 and was originally the work of Rasmus Lerdorf. PHP originally stands for Personal Home Page, but it was changed with GNU(Gnu`s Not Linux) recursive naming conventions and now it stands for Hypertext Pre-processor. PHP is one of the most popular server-side scripting languages which are widely used for creating websites. As of 2019 ... Rasmus Winther Højlund ( Danish pronunciation: [ˈʁɑsmus ˈhʌjˌlɔnˀ]; [4] born 4 February 2003) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Premier League club Manchester United and the Denmark national team . Højlund graduated from Copenhagen 's youth academy, making his first-team debut for the club aged 17 in ... JSON MCQs: This section contains JSON Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers. These JSON MCQs are written for beginners as well as advanced, practice these MCQs to enhance and test the knowledge of JSON. Вход за. проучвания. ID номер: Парола: При затруднения, моля, изпратете ни Вашия лабораторен номер/ID на [email protected] PHP, 2nd Edition. by Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe, Peter MacIntyre. Released April 2006. Publisher (s): O'Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN: 9780596006815. Read it now on the O’Reilly learning platform with a 10-day free trial. O’Reilly members get unlimited access to books, live events, courses curated by job role, and more from O ...Both (a) and (c) Show Answer. Workspace. 8) Which of the following is the use of strlen () function in PHP? The strlen () function returns the type of string. The strlen () function returns the length of string. The strlen () function returns the value of string. The strlen () function returns both value and type of string.Programming PHP, 2nd Edition. by Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe, Peter MacIntyre. Released April 2006. Publisher (s): O'Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN: 9780596006815. Read it now on the O’Reilly learning platform with a 10-day free trial. O’Reilly members get unlimited access to books, live events, courses curated by job role, and more from O ...JSON MCQs: This section contains JSON Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers. These JSON MCQs are written for beginners as well as advanced, practice these MCQs to enhance and test the knowledge of JSON. Aug 29, 2008 · PHP frameworks. In his address he choose to highlight PHP frameworks (Drupal was not spared) and how poor they are at performance. Not only are they slow, but their "jack-of-all-trades" attitude ... The New Life of PHP – The PHP Foundation. During PHP’s 26-year history, the language has been actively developed by a huge number of people, such as Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Andi Gutmans, Nikita Popov, and many, many others. In 2021, PHP is in for another round of evolution.Aug 24, 2023 · [2017-01-30 18:07 UTC] [email protected] Description: ----- Playing a bit with the Microsoft Tolerant PHP parser and I noticed a segfault. Filing a bug here so I don't forget about it. PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. Start learning PHP now ».Sep 21, 2012 · 2. If you're using jQuery, you'll have to set up an AJAX request on the client side that sends a GET request to the server. You can then pull the data you supplied in the request from the $_GET [] array on the server side. $ (function () { var data = { sample_string: "hi", saveAs: "something" }; $.get ('/path/to/script.php', data, function ... Aug 1, 2023 · Here we would like to show the very basics of PHP in a short, simple tutorial. This text only deals with dynamic web page creation with PHP, though PHP is not only capable of creating web pages. See the section titled What can PHP do for more information. PHP-enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and you can create and edit ... There are countless reasons to bash on PHP because, frankly, it is a pretty terrible language[1]. However, this is not a valid reason. The bug reporter is being idiotic and needlessly disrespectful, and is making a big deal out of something that can be easily fixed with a simple `sed` command, as Rasmus demonstrated. Comparing Selected Criteria of Programming Languages Java, PHP, C++, Perl, Haskell, AspectJ, Ruby, COBOL, Bash Scripts and Scheme Revision 1.0 - a Team CPLgroup COMP6411-S10 Term Report JSON MCQs: This section contains JSON Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers. These JSON MCQs are written for beginners as well as advanced, practice these MCQs to enhance and test the knowledge of JSON. 60. If you can get to the console of the server running PHP, type: php -i | grep 'GD\|ImageMagick'. This will tell you if GD or ImageMagick is installed and running. Share. Improve this answer. Follow. answered Sep 9, 2016 at 13:54.Pengertian PHP, Fungsi, Syntax & Kelebihannya. by Jagoan Hosting Team. Mei 14, 2022. Pengertian PHP. Bahasa pemrograman memiliki semua fitur yang diperlukan untuk membangun dan mengembangkan aplikasi yang lengkap. Kode harus dikompilasi terlebih dahulu sebelum dapat dieksekusi. Tidak perlu disematkan ke bahasa lain.Rasmus' research focuses on understanding the intersections between culture, health, and well-being, and the role of resilience and protective factors in reducing health disparities among American Indian/Alaska Native peoples. Her expertise is in social and behavioral sciences and she has a broad background in medical anthropology and ...There is a newer edition of this item: Programming PHP: Creating Dynamic Web Pages. $30.07. (72) In Stock. PHP is a simple yet powerful open-source scripting language for creating dynamic web content. The millions of web sites powered by PHP are testament to its popularity and ease of use.There is a newer edition of this item: Programming PHP: Creating Dynamic Web Pages. $30.07. (72) In Stock. PHP is a simple yet powerful open-source scripting language for creating dynamic web content. The millions of web sites powered by PHP are testament to its popularity and ease of use.The creator of PHP is Rasmus Lerdorf, who was invited to deliver a speech during Codemotion Rome 2019, on the 25th anniversary of the first PHP release. In this article, we will summarise the origins of PHP and some curious facts about it, inspired by Lerdorf’s stories and facts discussed during his talk. In order to understand why and how ...Rasmus Lerdorf was the original creator of PHP, which has evolved from his personal home page project into an open-source scripting language used worldwide. Lerdorf was interviewed recently via e ...There are countless reasons to bash on PHP because, frankly, it is a pretty terrible language[1]. However, this is not a valid reason. The bug reporter is being idiotic and needlessly disrespectful, and is making a big deal out of something that can be easily fixed with a simple `sed` command, as Rasmus demonstrated. Ease of use. When it comes to programming languages, PHP is one of the easier ones to learn. This is because even though its syntax is rigid, it is also forgiving. Aside from this obvious benefit, you can also access multiple libraries and resources to ensure that your code is optimized for speed and efficiency.PHP 3. PHP 3.0 was the first version that closely resembles PHP as it exists today. Finding PHP/FI 2.0 still inefficient and lacking features they needed to power an eCommerce application they were developing for a university project, Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski of Tel Aviv, Israel, began yet another complete rewrite of the underlying parser in 1997.Apr 21, 2015 · @rasmus. PHP in 2015 with a focus on performance 20 Years of PHP!?? Argh! PHP Announcement June 8, 1995 Posted to comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Subject: Announce: Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) Announcing the Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) version 1.0. These tools are a set of small tight cgi binaries written in C. PHP Programming at Wikibooks. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared towards web development. [9] It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1993 and released in 1995. [10] [11] The PHP reference implementation is now produced by the PHP Group. [12] PHP was originally an abbreviation of Personal Home ... PHP is a programming language used by web developers to build dynamic websites that are able to interact with the database. It is mostly used to develop web-based software. There are a lot of dynamic web pages present on the internet. As PHP is the fundamental of a dynamic webpage, it is a widely known technology in the IT Industry.There are countless reasons to bash on PHP because, frankly, it is a pretty terrible language[1]. However, this is not a valid reason. The bug reporter is being idiotic and needlessly disrespectful, and is making a big deal out of something that can be easily fixed with a simple `sed` command, as Rasmus demonstrated.Apr 21, 2015 · @rasmus. PHP in 2015 with a focus on performance 20 Years of PHP!?? Argh! PHP Announcement June 8, 1995 Posted to comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Subject: Announce: Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) Announcing the Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) version 1.0. These tools are a set of small tight cgi binaries written in C. Aug 1, 2023 · Caution. The eval() language construct is very dangerous because it allows execution of arbitrary PHP code. Its use thus is discouraged. If you have carefully verified that there is no other option than to use this construct, pay special attention not to pass any user provided data into it without properly validating it beforehand. PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. Nice, but what does that mean?
Documentation for the php7dev Vagrant box image. Contribute to rlerdorf/php7dev development by creating an account on GitHub.. 48 inch l shaped desk with hutch
PHP is a server-side scripting language created in 1995 and designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. As of January 2013, PHP was installed on more than 240 million websites (39% of those sampled) and 2.1 million web servers.Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994,the reference implementation of ... PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development. It was created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. PHP is an open-source, interpreted, and object-oriented scripting language that can be executed at the server-side. PHP is well suited for web development. Therefore, it is used to develop web applications (an application that executes on the server and generates the dynamic page.). PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994 but appeared in the ... Aug 30, 2021 · PHP is an open-source server-side scripting language that many devs use for web development. It is also a general-purpose language that you can use to make lots of projects, including Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). In this article, I will help you explore the world of PHP so you can learn how it works and its basic features. 2. If you're using jQuery, you'll have to set up an AJAX request on the client side that sends a GET request to the server. You can then pull the data you supplied in the request from the $_GET [] array on the server side. $ (function () { var data = { sample_string: "hi", saveAs: "something" }; $.get ('/path/to/script.php', data, function ...Sep 1, 2020 · PHP สามารถทำอะไรได้บ้าง. PHP สามารถทำงานในสิ่งที่โปรแกรม CGI สามารถทำได้และทำได้มากกว่าด้วย ยกตัวอย่างเช่น การเก็บข้อมูล การ ... Sep 1, 2020 · PHP สามารถทำอะไรได้บ้าง. PHP สามารถทำงานในสิ่งที่โปรแกรม CGI สามารถทำได้และทำได้มากกว่าด้วย ยกตัวอย่างเช่น การเก็บข้อมูล การ ... Oct 27, 1996 · Statistics of Rasmus Andersson, a hockey player from Malmo, Sweden born Oct 27 1996 who was active from 2011 to 2023. Feb 4, 2002 · Rasmus Lerdorf was the original creator of PHP, which has evolved from his personal home page project into an open-source scripting language used worldwide. Lerdorf was interviewed recently via e ... PHP frameworks. In his address he choose to highlight PHP frameworks (Drupal was not spared) and how poor they are at performance. Not only are they slow, but their "jack-of-all-trades" attitude ...Mar 11, 2015 · A one-page opcache status page. Contribute to rlerdorf/opcache-status development by creating an account on GitHub. Kelebihan PHP Dari Bahasa Pemrograman Lain. Beberapa kelebihan PHP untuk bahasa pemrograman web, antara lain: Bahasa pemrograman PHP adalah sebuah bahasa script yang tidak melakukan sebuah kompilasi dalam penggunaannya.1. Frameworks Execute The Same Code Repeatedly Without Need. Rasmus clarified that all frameworks that are for general purposes are not optimized for everbody's needs. A more specific complaint was that the solutions that frameworks offer lead to executing needless PHP code repeatedly in every HTTP request. Programming PHP, 2nd Edition, is the authoritative guide to PHP 5 and is filled with the unique knowledge of the creator of PHP (Rasmus Lerdorf) and other PHP experts. When it comes to creating websites, the PHP scripting language is truly a red-hot property. In fact, PHP is currently used on more than 19 million websites, surpassing Microsoft ...Rasmus Lerdorf (born 22 November 1968) is a Danish-Canadian [1] programmer.Sep 5, 2023 · Ease of use. When it comes to programming languages, PHP is one of the easier ones to learn. This is because even though its syntax is rigid, it is also forgiving. Aside from this obvious benefit, you can also access multiple libraries and resources to ensure that your code is optimized for speed and efficiency. Here we would like to show the very basics of PHP in a short, simple tutorial. This text only deals with dynamic web page creation with PHP, though PHP is not only capable of creating web pages. See the section titled What can PHP do for more information. PHP-enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and you can create and edit ....